By:
Fitria Nofitasari (10313244033)
International Class of Mathematics Education
International means involving two or more countries. Another word said that international is concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations or from or between other countries.
Perspective has meaning a way of regarding situations or topics consider what follows from the positivist view.
International perspective is a way of regarding situation or topics involving at least two countries. Situation or topics here means method of teaching learning process that is applied in some countries.
Method is the important things that have to be developed because sometimes the old method is not able to apply in this era with new thinking of the students. Critical thinking, logical thinking, real problem, and many more aspects that are become the characteristic of learning in 21th century force teachers to change their paradigm of method of learning mathematics especially.
Platonic mathematics said that there are four steps of learning mathematics.
1. Recognition
First step, finding something, is recognition. Students are invited to recognize their own problem. Teachers just accompany and facilitate them. They will give a sign but not give the answer for the students.
2. Description
Second step after the students know the problem and try to solve it is teacher try to explain about the shortest way to solve the problem. But before they do it, it is better to teacher giving a chance to the students to describe about the problem and explain their own way. Because when teachers give the way without giving a chance to the students, teacher will never know about students thinking. Not only has that, students just waited for the explanation of teachers.
3. Definition
Definition as the third step of learning process is a determination of outline, extent, or limits. Teacher explains about the definition is needed to make the answer of student more strength than before. So, they are sure about their own answer because of the definition said the same things.
4. Euclidean Proof
The last step is proving. Students can use many theories to be references of their proving. If they can find the answer and it is match with the theory, it can be said that they do the right proving. Or the other situation can be happened when the students find general proving; they can make it as a new theory.
The four steps in above is said to be a characteristics of learning mathematics. And the characteristics can be help to know the activities of student learning mathematics.
The picture above shows that all of steps of learning process are inserted of reflection. Reflection is a thought or an opinion resulting from such consideration. It is needed to give meaning in every step. So, students can easy understand why something can be happened. Not only explanation and reflection in the end of learning process but each step can be closed by certain reflection about something relating.
How student can learn mathematics?
Now, learning process is more important than just look at the final examination. But, there are 4 things that must be improved to support it. There are:
a. Teacher thinking
b. Development model
c. Interaction between student and teacher
d. Mathematical strand
In this case, the role of teacher is developing teaching material. They can use a real world or situation as the key for starting point to start the lesson. Teachers have to raise mathematical thinking of student. There are three type of mathematical thinking. That are mathematical attitude-related with behavior of student when they get a problem, mathematical method-a way teacher transform knowledge, giving problem, and a way student solve the problem, and mathematical content-substance of mathematics like material, problem itself, problem solving, and many more.
Teaching learning scheme is needed to help teacher tell material in a class.
1. Lesson plan
Lesson plan is planning that is made by teacher before they teach in a class. Lesson plan consist of framework of material. So it can help teacher to minimize loosing material because they will arrange material from the simple one to complicated problems.
2. Apperception
3. Small group discussion
Discussion between students will improve communication skill of them. They will improve the self confidence and share about their opinion face the problem.
4. Various methods
5. Various interactions
6. Various Medias
7. Student reflecting
8. Scheme of achieving
9. Student’s conclusion competence
10. Student worksheet
Content of student worksheet is problem that must be solved by student. Sometimes teachers have to make some students worksheets because maybe any students that cannot solve problem that is given for another students. Student worksheet is worksheet that is according to the student’s skill.
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